Radioactive substances cause ionising radiation, which is divided into alpha, beta, gamma, X-ray and neutron radiation. Ionising radiation is invisible, odourless and colourless or imperceptible to humans, but it can have a significant impact on human health and the living environment.
What is ionising or radioactive radiation?
Ionising radiation can come from both natural and man-made sources, with different doses and levels of danger. Ionising radiation is used for example in medicine, industrial equipment, research, etc.
Measurement of ionising radiation
Measuring ionising radiation is necessary to assess the level of radiation and its potential effects on humans and the environment. Measurements are carried out using special equipment that indicates the level of radiation in air, soil and materials.
The importance of radiation protection
The aim of radiation protection is to protect people and nature from the harmful effects of ionising radiation. Because radiation can damage cells, cause disease and pollute the environment, exposure must be minimised. To achieve this, three basic principles are followed: reduce the time of exposure, increase the distance from the radiation source and use appropriate protective equipment. Effective radiation protection is particularly important in the medical, nuclear and radioactive waste management sectors, where there is a higher risk of radiation exposure.